Plier type spanner wrench



y 26, 1955 L. SCHWAIGER PLIER TYPE SPANNER WRENCH 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV. 13, 1952 INVENTOR [[0 SCHWA/G'f'l? ATTORNEY July 26, 1955 SCHWAIGER 2,713,803

PLIER TYPE SPANNER WRENCH Filed Nov. 15, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENT OR 1 0 Sa /WA G'FR/ United States Patent() PLIER TYPE SPANNER WRENCH Leo Schwai'ger, Cullman, Ala.

Application November 13, 1952, Serial N0.320,209

1 Claim. (Cl. s1 90 Y The present invention relates to wrenches of the plier type, and more particularly to wrenches of this character which are adaptable for use with a special nut having a plurality of diametrically opposed peripheral recesses with sides which slope divergingly toward the center of the nut. Y

An object of the invention is to provide a plier type wrench which may be conveniently used in close quarters where the available space for angular movement of the wrench and rotation of the nut is limited.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wrench of this character which may be readily applied to such a nut and easily disengaged therefrom.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a wrench comprising spring pressed jaws which tend to remain closed, an operating handle being arranged to open the jaws at will.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wrench of this character in which a turning force applied to the nut by the wrench tends to close the jaws of the wrench and force them into firmer engagement with the nut. In this manner, the tendency for the wrench to slip off the nut is minimized.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wrench having a handle terminating in a chisel ended pushing jaw member and a hook ended pulling member, one of said jaw members being pivoted to the other jaw member and a handle together with a spring for urging the two jaw members toward each other for engagement with a nut, and an operating handle for separating the jaw members against the yielding action of the spring.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a wrench of this character in which the handle member is formed integrally with one of the jaw members, the other jaw member being pivoted thereto.

Other and further objects will become apparent upon reading the following specification together with the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of wrench embodying the invention shown in engagement with a nut for counterclockwise rotation thereof.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary bottom view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow B in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a view in elevation, similar to Fig. 1, showing the jaws of the wrench in open position for disengagement from the nut.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 55 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line 7-7 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line 8-8 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

2,713,803 Patented July 26, 1955 "ice Referring to Fig. 1, the wrench comprises a handle designated generally as 10 which terminates at one end in a hook shaped pulling jaw portion 11 formed integrally with the handle 10. The opposite end of handle 10 comprises a handle portion 12 of reduced thickness.

Pivoted to handle 10 by a transverse rivet 13 is movable pusher jaw 14 terminating in a chisel like end 15. Handle 10 is centrally cut away at 16'to provide a slot into which a tongue portion 17 of pusher jaw 14 projects for engagement with the'transverse rivet 13. The end 18 of pusher jaw 14 opposite its chisel shaped end is provided with a circular aperture 19 through which a pin 20 is freely slidable. One end of pin 20 projects into the slot 16 in handle 10 and is secured therein by a pivot pin 21. Disposed on pin 20 is a helical compresz; sion spring 22 which bears against washers 23 freely slid- I ably mounted on pin 20 adjacent to the ends of compression spring 22. One of these washers 22 rests against the under side of end 18 of pusher jaw 14 and the other washer 23 rests against the upper surface of handle 10.

;v Compression spring 22 tends to rotate pusher jaw 14 in a counter-clockwise direction so that the chisel shaped end 15 of pusher jaw 14 is yieldingly forced toward the hook shaped jaw end 11 of handle 10 for engagement with a nut designated generally as 24 shown in Fig. 1.

Pusher jaw 14 is shown provided at end 18 with a pair of spaced ears 25. An actuating link rod 26 has one end pivoted at 27 between the ears 25 of pusher jaw 15 and extends therefrom to ears 28 of an operating handle 29 being pivoted therebetween by a transverse pivot pin 30. Operating handle 29 is of U-shaped cross-section and is formed with spaced downwardly extending ear portions 31 which embrace the handle 12 and are pivotally secured thereto by a transverse rivet 32. By grasping the handle 12 and squeezing the operating handle 29, the jaws 11 and 15 may be separated from the position shown in Fig. 1 where they are in engagement with the nut 24 to the position shown in Fig. 4 where the nut 24 is disengaged from the wrench.

The nut for which the wrench of the present invention is adapted for use is characterized by a plurality of diametrically opposed apertures 35 of which the sides 36 slope divergingly away from each other as they approach the arcuate bottom 37 of each aperture 35. At each point where one of the sides 36 joins the arcuate bottom 37 of the aperture 35, there is formed a recess between two surfaces which meet at an acute angle. Other forms of nuts of this general type and with which the present wrench is suitable for use are described in my copending United States patent applications, Serial No. 320,206, filed November 13, 1952, and Serial No. 320,208, also filed on November 13, 1952.

As shown in Fig. 1, where the wrench is engaging the nut for counterclockwise rotation thereof, pressure applied to the handle 12 to force the same upwardly as viewed in the drawing will force the chisel shaped end of pusher jaw 14 into the angular recess 38 and at the same time draw the sharp end of hook shaped puller jaw 11 into the diametrically opposed angular recess 39. The greater the turning force applied to the nut 24 by the wrench, the more firmly will the jaws 15 and 11 be forced into the angular recesses 38 and 39. Thus, when the wrench has been applied to the nut no further force need be applied to keep the jaws in engagement with the nut.

If it is desired to reverse the direction of rotation of the nut, the wrench is turned over so that the puller jaw 11 is at the top of nut 24 as viewed in Fig. 1 and the pusher jaw 15 is at the bottom of the nut. Handle 12 is then moved downwardly and the operation is otherwise the same as described above.

The nut 24 is shown as being of a regular hexagonal peripheral configuration permitting the nut to be turned by conventional wrenches. The peripheral configuration may also be circular if desired, without altering the operation of the wrench of the present invention.

It should also be noted that the pusher jaw 15 and the puller jaw 11 may be interchanged, if desired, so that the pusher jaw 15 is integral with handle 10 and the puller jaw 11 is pivoted thereto, the shapes of the ends of these jaw members thus being interchanged. I The arrangement shown is preferable, however, unless the handle 10 extends sufiiciently far beyond operating handle 29 so that it may be grasped independently of the operating handle, to avoid disengaging the hook ended jaw when applying tongue to the nut.

While but one form of the invention has been shown and described herein, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that many minor modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

A device of the character described comprising a hook-- ended arcuate puller jaw member, a chisel-ended arcuate pusher jaw member, pivot means interconnecting said jaw members for relative angular movement therebetween, a handle member integrally formed with said puller jaw member, an operating handle pivoted to said handle member adjacent the free end thereof, an arm formed integrally at one end with said pusher jaw memher and having its free end disposed on the same side of the longitudinal axis as said pusher jaw member, a pair of ears afiixed to the free end of said arm, a like pair of ears affixed to the outer side of said operating handle, a link interconnecting said pairs of ears, a pin pivotally connected to said handle member and extending slidably through said arm, and a compression spring surrounding said pin and bearing against said arm and said handle member, thereby urging said jaw members toward each other.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 38,914 Richardson June 16, 1863 178,084 Skinner May 30, 1876 367,786 Carvin Aug. 9, 1887 676,318 Jackson June 11, 1901 740,878 Lewis Oct. 6, 1903 763,099 Hostetler June 21, 1904 1,006,348 .Beran Oct. 17, 1911 1,730,811 Erikson Oct. 8, 1929 

